The health risks posed by toxic substances vary depending on the type and amount of exposure, as well as individual susceptibility. Here are some serious health risks:
Carcinogenicity: Some chemicals, like asbestos and benzene, are known
carcinogens, meaning they have the potential to cause cancer.
Neurotoxicity: Exposure to neurotoxic chemicals such as lead and mercury can damage the nervous system, leading to cognitive deficits, behavioral changes, and motor dysfunction.
Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity: Certain substances can affect reproductive health or cause developmental defects in offspring. For instance,
thalidomide was historically linked to birth defects.
Hepatotoxicity: Chemicals like acetaminophen, in excessive doses, can cause liver damage, leading to hepatotoxicity.
Endocrine Disruption: Some chemicals, called endocrine disruptors, can interfere with hormone systems. Examples include bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates.
