What Are the Basic Principles of Toxicological Treatments?
The primary goal of toxicological treatments is to minimize the harmful effects of toxins and restore physiological function. This is achieved through several basic principles:
1. Prevention of further exposure: The first step is to remove or reduce the source of exposure. This may involve removing contaminated clothing, flushing skin or eyes with water, or moving the patient to fresh air.
2. Supportive care: Providing supportive care to maintain vital functions is crucial. This includes ensuring proper airway management, breathing, and circulation (the ABCs).
3. Use of antidotes: When available, specific antidotes can neutralize or counteract the effects of the toxin.
4. Enhancing elimination: Techniques like activated charcoal or gastric lavage can help reduce the body's toxin load.
5. Symptomatic treatment: Addressing symptoms such as seizures, hypotension, or arrhythmias is essential to stabilize the patient.
