While CSFs are invaluable tools, they have limitations. The extrapolation of data from animal studies to humans involves assumptions that may not always be accurate. Differences in metabolism, genetics, and exposure conditions between species can affect the applicability of the findings. Additionally, CSFs often assume a linear dose-response relationship at low doses, which might not reflect all types of carcinogenic mechanisms. Moreover, variability in individual susceptibility and exposure scenarios can complicate the risk assessment process.
