While pasteurization is effective in reducing the risk of microbial contamination, it is not a foolproof solution. Some heat-resistant spores and toxins can survive the process, especially if pasteurization parameters are not strictly followed. Additionally, pasteurization does not eliminate chemical contaminants or toxins that might be present in the raw materials used in food production. Therefore, it is crucial to combine pasteurization with other safety measures, such as proper sourcing and handling of ingredients.