Marine pollution arises from several sources, including industrial discharges, agricultural runoff, domestic sewage, and oil spills. Industrial activities release heavy metals like mercury and lead into the water, while agricultural runoff introduces pesticides and fertilizers. Oil spills, both accidental and deliberate, contribute significant amounts of hydrocarbons to the marine environment. Additionally, plastic waste is a growing concern, breaking down into microplastics that are ingested by marine organisms.
