The primary routes of intake are oral, inhalation, dermal, and injection. Each route has unique characteristics:
Oral Intake: This involves the ingestion of substances through the digestive tract. It is a common route for exposure to environmental contaminants and dietary toxins. Inhalation Intake: Substances can be inhaled as gases, vapors, or aerosols, entering the respiratory system. This route is particularly relevant for occupational exposures and air pollutants. Dermal Intake: Skin exposure can occur through contact with chemicals, leading to absorption. This route is significant for occupational and environmental exposure. Injection: Direct introduction of substances into the body, often used in medical settings, bypasses natural barriers and can lead to immediate systemic exposure.
