Hypocortisolism can stem from several causes, including autoimmune disorders, infections, and genetic mutations. In toxicology, exposure to certain toxic chemicals or drugs can lead to adrenal insufficiency. Chronic use of glucocorticoids, for instance, can suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, resulting in reduced cortisol production once the medication is withdrawn. Additionally, industrial chemicals such as organophosphates and some heavy metals have been implicated in disrupting adrenal function.
