What is the Role of the ABCB1 Gene in Drug Metabolism?
The ABCB1 gene encodes P-glycoprotein, a transmembrane protein that functions as an ATP-dependent efflux pump. This pump is expressed in various tissues, such as the liver, kidneys, intestines, and blood-brain barrier. Its primary role is to transport a wide range of substrates, including drugs and xenobiotics, out of cells. This action significantly impacts the pharmacokinetics of drugs, affecting their oral bioavailability, blood-brain barrier penetration, and eventual elimination from the body.
