What Mechanisms Are Involved in Toxicological Effects?
Toxicological effects arise when a toxicant interacts with biological targets, leading to disrupted cellular and systemic functions. These effects can occur through multiple mechanisms, including oxidative stress, disruption of enzyme function, interference with cellular signaling, and binding to DNA, which may lead to mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. The specific mechanism of action depends on the chemical nature of the toxicant and the biological context.
