What remediation strategies are available for managing toxic substances in the lithosphere?
Several remediation strategies can be employed to manage and mitigate the impact of toxic substances in the lithosphere. Phytoremediation involves using plants to absorb and accumulate toxic substances from soil and water, while bioremediation employs microorganisms to degrade or transform pollutants into less harmful forms. Other methods include soil washing, which uses chemical solvents to remove contaminants, and encapsulation, which isolates toxic substances to prevent their spread. The choice of remediation strategy depends on factors such as the type and extent of contamination, environmental conditions, and economic considerations.
