Metabolism transforms the absorbed substances into more water-soluble compounds for easier excretion. This process often occurs in the liver and involves two phases: Phase I (functionalization reactions like oxidation or reduction) and Phase II (conjugation reactions). While metabolism generally detoxifies substances, it can sometimes create toxic metabolites. Understanding the metabolic pathways and the enzymes involved, such as cytochrome P450s, is essential for predicting and managing toxicity.
