Toxicology is integral to FIFRA's regulatory process. Extensive toxicological studies are conducted to determine the potential health effects of pesticide exposure, including acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, and neurotoxicity. These studies help in setting safe exposure limits and developing guidelines for the safe use of pesticides. Risk assessments are performed to evaluate the likelihood of adverse health effects under various exposure scenarios, guiding regulatory decisions and safety standards.