Prevention of DNA adduct formation primarily involves reducing exposure to harmful chemicals. This can be achieved through lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking, eating a healthy diet, and minimizing exposure to environmental pollutants. Additionally, certain dietary components, such as antioxidants found in fruits and vegetables, can help protect DNA from damage. Once DNA adducts are formed, the body employs various DNA repair mechanisms to remove them. These include base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, and mismatch repair pathways. Enhancing the efficiency of these repair mechanisms through pharmacological agents or dietary supplements is an area of ongoing research.
