PDEs catalyze the hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bond in cAMP and cGMP, resulting in their conversion to non-cyclic forms, which effectively terminates their signaling pathway. The regulation of these pathways is vital for maintaining cellular homeostasis. There are 11 known families of PDEs, each with distinct substrate specificities, tissue distributions, and regulatory properties. This diversity allows them to fine-tune the signaling pathways in a tissue-specific manner, making them a significant focus in drug discovery and Drug Safety assessments.
