Uncertainty is an inherent aspect of risk assessment, arising from various sources such as limited data, variability in human sensitivity, and differences in environmental conditions. Uncertainties can affect the accuracy and reliability of risk estimates, making it essential to address them through conservative assumptions, sensitivity analyses, and transparent reporting. One common method for managing uncertainty is the use of safety factors, which introduce a margin of safety into risk estimates to account for gaps in data or knowledge. Additionally, probabilistic risk assessment techniques can be employed to quantify and express uncertainties statistically.
