The effectiveness of bioaugmentation relies on selecting the right microbial strains that can thrive in contaminated environments and possess the metabolic pathways necessary to degrade specific pollutants. These microorganisms are introduced into the polluted site, where they either enhance the existing microbial community or establish new colonies capable of breaking down contaminants into less harmful substances. The process often involves the use of genetically engineered or naturally occurring bacteria, fungi, or other microbes.
