The regulation of CYP2E1 is complex and involves transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational mechanisms. Ethanol is a well-known inducer of CYP2E1, leading to its increased expression and activity. Other factors such as fasting, diabetes, and exposure to certain chemicals can also upregulate CYP2E1. Genetic polymorphisms in the CYP2E1 gene can lead to variations in enzyme activity among individuals, affecting their susceptibility to toxicants.
