Pharmacogenomics and toxicogenomics are fields of study that examine how genes affect an individual's response to drugs and toxicants, respectively. Pharmacogenomics focuses on optimizing drug therapy based on genetic profiles, while toxicogenomics aims to understand how genetic variations contribute to differences in toxicity and susceptibility to environmental chemicals. These fields hold promise for personalized medicine, where treatments and interventions can be tailored to an individual's genetic makeup.
