Acute Toxicity: Assesses the immediate effects of a single exposure to a substance. It is often measured by the
LD50 or
LC50, which indicate the dose or concentration required to cause death in 50% of the test animals.
Chronic Toxicity: Evaluates the effects of prolonged exposure to a substance, often focusing on the development of long-term health conditions.
Carcinogenicity: Studies the potential of a substance to cause cancer. This is a critical endpoint for substances that may be used in pharmaceuticals, food additives, and industrial chemicals.
Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity: Examines the impact of a substance on reproductive health and fetal development, assessing endpoints such as fertility, birth defects, and developmental milestones.
Neurotoxicity: Investigates the effects on the nervous system, including changes in behavior, motor skills, and cognitive function.
