What Are the Key Factors Contributing to Species-Specific Differences?
Several factors contribute to the variability in toxicological responses among species:
Metabolism: The rate and route of metabolism can vary significantly between species. For example, certain animals may metabolize a chemical into a toxic compound, while others may convert it into a harmless substance. Genetic Differences: Variations in genetic material can lead to differences in enzyme expression, impacting how substances are processed and cleared from the body. Physiological Variations: Differences in physiology, such as organ size, blood flow rates, and digestive processes, can affect the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of chemicals. Receptor Sensitivity: Species may have different receptor sensitivities, influencing the potency and efficacy of a toxicant.
