What Defense Mechanisms Exist Against Electrophiles?
Biological systems have evolved several defense mechanisms to neutralize electrophiles and mitigate their potential toxicity. One primary defense mechanism involves the glutathione system, where glutathione acts as a nucleophile to conjugate with electrophiles, rendering them less reactive. Enzymes such as glutathione S-transferases catalyze this detoxification process. Additionally, phase II metabolism enzymes often help in conjugating electrophiles with other molecules, facilitating their excretion from the body.
