The ADI is expressed in milligrams of the substance per kilogram of body weight per day (mg/kg bw/day). It is typically calculated by identifying the No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level (NOAEL) from animal studies, which is the highest dose at which no adverse effects are observed. The NOAEL is then divided by a safety factor, often 100, to account for uncertainties in extrapolating data from animals to humans and to accommodate individual variability. This process ensures a high level of protection for human health.
