What Role Do Enzyme Polymorphisms Play in Toxicity?
Enzyme polymorphisms can modify the toxicity of chemicals by altering their metabolic activation or detoxification pathways. For example, variations in the N-acetyltransferase (NAT) enzymes can influence the toxicity of aromatic amines, which are associated with bladder cancer risk. Additionally, polymorphisms in Glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes may affect an individual's ability to detoxify carcinogens found in tobacco smoke, contributing to differences in cancer susceptibility.
