Phase II enzymes, such as UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), play a key role in conjugation reactions. These enzymes attach molecules like glucuronic acid, sulfate, or glutathione to drugs or their phase I metabolites, enhancing their solubility and excretion. These conjugation reactions are generally considered detoxifying, although they can sometimes lead to the formation of toxic metabolites.
