Several assays are performed using HepG2 cells to assess cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity. Common assays include the MTT assay for cell viability, the Comet assay for DNA damage, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting specific biomarkers of liver injury. Researchers also use HepG2 cells to study oxidative stress and apoptosis pathways in response to toxicants.
