Despite advancements in in vitro and computational models, in vivo methods remain essential for toxicology for several reasons:
Complexity: Living organisms provide a complex environment where multiple biological processes occur simultaneously, allowing for a comprehensive assessment of a substance's toxicological profile. Metabolism: Many substances undergo metabolic transformations that can alter their toxicity. In vivo studies allow researchers to observe these transformations in real time. Systemic Effects: In vivo methods can evaluate the systemic effects of a toxicant, including its impact on multiple organs and tissues.
