Kinases can either mitigate or exacerbate the effects of toxic substances. For instance, MAPK pathways are activated in response to stress and can lead to cell survival or death depending on the context. In some cases, kinases may activate pathways that enhance the metabolism and elimination of toxins, thus reducing their harmful effects. However, if dysregulated, kinases can contribute to pathological conditions such as cancer by promoting uncontrolled cell division or inhibiting apoptosis.
