TLVs are similar to other occupational exposure limits, such as Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) set by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and Recommended Exposure Limits (RELs) established by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). However, TLVs are often more conservative, reflecting the latest scientific research and health data. While TLVs are voluntary, PELs and RELs have regulatory implications and may be enforced by law.