How does TGF-beta interact with other signaling pathways in toxicology?
TGF-beta interacts with various other signaling pathways, including the Wnt, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt pathways, which are crucial in mediating cellular responses to toxic insults. These interactions can either exacerbate or mitigate the effects of toxins. Understanding these interactions is essential for developing comprehensive strategies to counteract toxicological challenges.
