The AR assay can be performed using various methodologies, including cell-based assays and recombinant receptor assays. In cell-based assays, cells are genetically engineered to express the androgen receptor along with a reporter gene. The cells are then exposed to the test compound, and activation or inhibition of the receptor is measured by the reporter gene's activity. Recombinant receptor assays utilize purified androgen receptors and measure their binding affinity to the test compound using techniques like radioligand binding assays or surface plasmon resonance.
