What are the challenges in linking MAPK pathways to toxicological outcomes?
One of the main challenges is the complexity and redundancy of MAPK pathways. Multiple pathways can be activated simultaneously, and they often have overlapping functions. Additionally, the cellular context, such as the type of cell and its physiological state, can influence MAPK signaling outcomes. This complexity makes it challenging to predict the toxicological effects based solely on MAPK activation patterns.
