The products of lipid peroxidation can disrupt the structural integrity and function of cell membranes, leading to increased permeability and potential cell lysis. Additionally, peroxidation can alter the function of membrane-bound proteins and enzymes, impact signal transduction pathways, and result in the formation of toxic compounds like malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE). These compounds can form adducts with DNA and proteins, contributing to mutagenesis and carcinogenesis.
