Why are Reactive Metabolites Important in Toxicology?
Reactive metabolites are pivotal in toxicology because they can elicit toxic responses through various mechanisms. These include:
Covalent Binding: Reactive metabolites can bind covalently to cellular proteins, altering their function and leading to cellular damage. Oxidative Stress: Some metabolites generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can cause oxidative damage to cellular components. Immune Response: The formation of covalent adducts can trigger an immune response, potentially leading to hypersensitivity reactions. Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity: Interaction with DNA can result in mutations, elevating the risk of cancer.
