Despite its importance, PXR research faces several challenges. One major hurdle is the species-specific differences in PXR activation and function, which complicates the extrapolation of animal study results to humans. Additionally, the promiscuous nature of PXR, binding to a wide range of ligands, makes it difficult to predict its behavior in complex biological systems. There is also a need for more selective PXR modulators to precisely manipulate its activity without off-target effects.
In conclusion, PXR is a pivotal component of the body's defense mechanisms against xenobiotics, playing an essential role in toxicology. Its ability to regulate drug metabolism and influence toxicity highlights its importance in pharmacology and therapeutics. Ongoing research continues to unravel the complexities of PXR, offering insights that may lead to improved drug safety and novel therapeutic strategies.
