What is the mechanism of action of spironolactone?
Spironolactone functions as an antagonist of the mineralocorticoid receptor. It competes with aldosterone, a hormone that promotes sodium retention and potassium excretion, in the distal nephron of the kidney. By blocking aldosterone, spironolactone increases sodium excretion and conserves potassium, hence its classification as a potassium-sparing diuretic. This mechanism is essential in understanding the drug's effects and potential toxicities.
